MDN:

https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Closures

function makeCounter() {
    let count = 0;
    function increase() {
        count++
        console.log(count);
    }
    return increase;
}

const increase = makeCounter();
increase();
increase();
increase();
increase();
class Counter {
    #count = 0;
    increase() {
        this.#count++;
        console.log(this.#count);
    }
}
const counter = new Counter();
counter.increase();
counter.increase();